Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025

3/4/2025, 12:03 PM

Summary of Bill S 9

Bill 119 s 9, also known as the "Title IX Protection Act," aims to clarify how sex is determined for the purposes of compliance with Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 in athletics. The bill states that sex should be recognized solely based on a person's reproductive biology and genetics at birth.

This means that individuals would be classified as male or female based on their biological sex at birth, rather than their gender identity. This distinction is important in the context of athletics, as Title IX prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any educational program or activity that receives federal funding, including sports programs.

Supporters of the bill argue that it is necessary to ensure fair competition in women's sports and protect opportunities for female athletes. They believe that allowing individuals to compete based on their gender identity could give an unfair advantage to transgender athletes. Critics of the bill, however, argue that it discriminates against transgender individuals and goes against the principles of inclusion and equality. They believe that individuals should be able to participate in sports based on their gender identity, rather than their biological sex. Overall, the passage of Bill 119 s 9 would have significant implications for how sex is determined in athletics and could spark further debate on the intersection of gender identity and sports participation.

Congressional Summary of S 9

Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025

This bill generally prohibits school athletic programs from allowing individuals whose biological sex at birth was male to participate in programs that are for women or girls.

Specifically, the bill provides that it is a violation of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 for federally funded education programs or activities to operate, sponsor, or facilitate athletic programs or activities that allow individuals of the male sex to participate in programs or activities that are designated for women or girls. (Title IX prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in federally funded education programs or activities, including in public elementary and secondary schools and in colleges and universities.) Under the bill, sex is based on an individual's reproductive biology and genetics at birth.

Current Status of Bill S 9

Bill S 9 is currently in the status of Bill Introduced since January 7, 2025. Bill S 9 was introduced during Congress 119 and was introduced to the Senate on January 7, 2025.  Bill S 9's most recent activity was Cloture on the motion to proceed to the measure not invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 51 - 45. Record Vote Number: 100. as of March 3, 2025

Bipartisan Support of Bill S 9

Total Number of Sponsors
10
Democrat Sponsors
0
Republican Sponsors
10
Unaffiliated Sponsors
0
Total Number of Cosponsors
216
Democrat Cosponsors
0
Republican Cosponsors
216
Unaffiliated Cosponsors
0

Policy Area and Potential Impact of Bill S 9

Primary Policy Focus

Sports and Recreation

Alternate Title(s) of Bill S 9

A bill to provide that for purposes of determining compliance with title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 in athletics, sex shall be recognized based solely on a person's reproductive biology and genetics at birth.A bill to provide that for purposes of determining compliance with title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 in athletics, sex shall be recognized based solely on a person's reproductive biology and genetics at birth.
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